More than 30 new food safety standards adopted

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Codex Alimentarius Commission adopts international standards for dangerous bacteria, checmicals6 JULY 2009 | ROME -- The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) concluded a week-long meeting and adopted more than 30 new international standards, codes of practice and guidelines to improve worldwide food safety and protect the health of consumers.

New standards adopted by the Commission include:

Reduction of acrylamide in food
The Commission approved measures for reducing the formation of acrylamide in food. The code of practice will provide national and local authorities, manufacturers and others with guidance to prevent and reduce formation of acrylamide in potato products during all phases of the production process. The guidance includes strategies for raw materials, the addition of other ingredients; and food processing and heating. The chemical acrylamide, first identified in food in 2002, is produced during frying, roasting and baking of carbohydrate-rich food such as French fries, potato crisps, coffee, biscuits, pastries and breads. Acrylamide is considered a possible human carcinogen.

Reduction of contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
The Commission adopted the first guidelines for reducing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) intake through final food preparation. Because smoking and direct drying processes are used both in industry and in private households, the guidance can also form. the basis of consumer education programmes. Parts of PAH are possible human carcinogens formed during the combustion of fuel both in the smoking and in the direct drying processes involved in the preparation of food.

Prevention of Ochratoxin A contamination in coffee
The Commission adopted guidance to enable coffee-producing countries to develop and implement their own national programmes for the prevention and reduction of Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination. OTA is a fungal toxin also considered a possible human carcinogen.

Powdered follow-up formulae
The Commission adopted criteria for salmonella and other bacteria in powdered follow-up formulae for children six months of age or older and for special medical purposes for young children. A bacterium of special concern is E. sakazakii, for which Codex adopted specific criteria for powdered formula for infants (0 to 6 months) in 2008. The Commission decided that in countries with particular risk for E. sakazakii from consumption of follow-up formulae (i.e. countries with substantial populations of immunocompromised babies) similar criteria for E. sakazakii could be introduced for follow-up formula as for powdered formula for infants.
Follow-up formulae should only be used for the intended target population. Unfortunately, they are often consumed by babies younger than six months of age. The standard stresses the need to address such product misuse issues through education campaigns and training.

Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat food
The Commission adopted parameters for microbiological testing and environmental monitoring for Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat food. A maximum level was set for certain food products where the bacteria cannot grow, while in ready-to-eat products where growth is possible, no Listeria monocytogenes will be allowed. The parameters will help producers control and prevent contamination of ready-to-eat foods with this bacterium that can result in listeriosis, a potentially fatal disease. While healthy people rarely contract listeriosis, it can cause miscarriages and stillbirths, as well as serious and sometimes fatal infections in those with weakened immune systems, such as infants, the elderly and persons with HIV infection or undergoing chemotherapy.
The Commission also adopted regional standards for ginseng products, fermented soybean paste and gochujang.
“The standards and guidelines adopted this week will make a positive impact on the lives of people around the world,” said CAC Chairperson Karen Hulebak. “The Commission is working faster than ever before to address the most pressing food safety challenges we face.”
Ezzeddine Boutrif, FAO Director, Nutrition and Consumer Protection Division, noted that Codex membership now represents 99% of the world’s population. “Applying Codex standards and guidelines are an important part of ensuring that consumers in every part of the world can be protected from unsafe food,” he said.
The Commission also launched new work projects, among them establishing maximum levels for melamine in food and feed. In the last few years, high levels of melamine have been added illegally to food and feed products, causing illness and death. Because it has many industrial uses, melamine may be found in trace amounts in the food chain due to its presence in the environment. Setting maximum limits will help governments differentiate between unavoidable melamine occurrence and the deliberate adulteration of food and feed.

Other new work proposals adopted by the Commission include:

principles and guidelines to assist governments in the development and operation of comprehensive national food control systems that protect the health of consumers and ensure fair practices in the food trade;
practices to control viruses in food, especially noroviruses (NoV) and hepatitis A (HAV) in fresh produce, mulluscan shell fish and ready-to-eat food;
prevention of aflatoxin (toxic substances produced by moulds and known to cause cancer in animals) contamination of Brazil nuts; and
setting maximum levels and defining sampling plans for Fumonisins, (toxic substances produced by fungi) in maize and maize products.

"We welcome the participation of more developing countries in the meeting this year which reflects global awareness of food safety issue and the impact of Codex Trust Fund," said Dr Jørgen Schlundt, Director of WHO's Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses.
Approximately 500 people, representing 125 countries, participated in the Commission meetings. Karen Hulebak of the United States of America was re-elected Chairperson; Knud Østergaard of Denmark, Sanjay Dave of India and Ben Manyindo of Nigeria were re-elected Vice-Chairpersons.
The Codex Alimentarius Commission, jointly established in 1963 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and WHO, develops international food standards that protect the health of consumers and ensure fair trade practices in the food trade. The Commission has 181 Member States and one member organization, the European Community.

For further information: Sari Setiogi
Media Relations Officer
Health Security and the Environment, WHO
Geneva, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 791 3576
Mobile: +41 79 701 9467
E-mail: setiogis@who.int
Steven Cohen
Media Relations Officer
Codex Secretariat
Rome, Italy,
Telephone: +39 06 570 55283
Mobile: +39 339 627 7627
E-mail: steven.cohen@fao.org

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lanbo78 发布于2009-07-12 01:56:20: 食品法典委员会通过了危险的细菌和化学品的国际标准
食品法典委员会通过了危险的细菌和化学品的国际标准
lG*]$ac食品伙伴个性空间2009年7月6日 | 罗马 -- 食品法典委员会结束了为期一周的会议，通过了30多条新的国际标准、行为守则和准则，旨在改善世界食品安全并保护消费者健康。

R Y*O&eKQ食品伙伴个性空间委员会通过的新标准包括：
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$rK!i2N\减少食品中的丙烯酰胺$[v.p!HC(P7{
委员会核准了关于减少食品中丙烯酰胺形成的措施。有关行为守则将为国家和地方当局、生产商及其他方面提供指导，以便在生产流程各个阶段防止和减少土豆产品中丙烯酰胺的形成。该指导包括针对原材料，其它成分添加以及食品加工和加热的策略。2002年首次在食品中鉴别出丙烯酰胺这一化学品，它是在油炸、烧烤和烘烤诸如薯条、薯片、咖啡、饼干、糕点及面包等富含碳水化合物的食品过程中产生。据认为，丙烯酰胺可能是一种人类致癌物。&d}4`'zI-m!a%JX7r

减少多环芳烃污染
委员会通过了关于在食品最后制备过程中减少多环芳烃摄入的第一份准则。由于工业和私人家庭都采用烟熏和直接干燥工序，所以消费者教育方案也可以该指导为基础。制备食品时的烟熏和直接干燥工序在燃烧过程中形成的部分多环芳烃可能是人类致癌物。
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防止咖啡中的赭曲霉毒素A污染
委员会通过了指导使咖啡生产国能够制定和实施其自己的国家规划，防止并减少赭曲霉毒素A污染。赭曲霉毒素A是一种真菌毒素，也被认为是可能的人类致癌物。
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P2U$XEJH食品伙伴个性空间断奶后配方粉
[Y [+l\j~食品伙伴个性空间委员会通过了关于六个月以上儿童断奶后配方粉以及用于幼儿特殊医疗目的的配方粉中沙门氏菌和其它细菌的标准。一种特别令人关注的细菌是阪崎肠杆菌，法典委员会于2008年针对该细菌通过了的婴儿（0至6个月）配方粉具体标准。委员会决定在通过消费断奶后配方粉感染阪崎肠杆菌方面风险较高的国家（即拥有大量免疫力低下婴儿人口的国家），可对断奶后配方粉实行与婴儿配方粉类似的阪崎肠杆菌标准。

断奶后配方粉只应用于预定目标人群。不幸的是，经常给不足六个月的婴儿喂食这种配方粉。这一标准强调有必要通过教育运动和培训处理这种产品的滥用问题。%ZV~w`#\!\

即食食品中的产单核细胞李斯特菌,yO4r|
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委员会通过了用于对即食食品中产单核细胞李斯特菌进行微生物检测和环境监测的参数。对于该菌不会滋生的某些食品，制定了最高限量，而对于产单核细胞李斯特菌可能滋生的即食食品，则不允许含有这种细菌。这些参数将有助于生产商控制和防止即食食品被这种细菌污染，从而导致李斯特菌病这种可能致命的疾病。虽然健康的人很少感染李斯特菌病，但它可能导致流产和死产，并且对于免疫系统较弱的人，如婴儿、老人和艾滋病毒感染者或接受化疗的人，它会导致严重，有时甚至致命的感染。

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yX"C委员会还通过了关于人参产品，发酵豆酱和辣椒酱（gochujang）的区域标准。Wep%i3Xi0[1i.U

“本周通过的标准和准则将对世界各地人们的生活产生积极影响，”食品法典委员会主席Karen Hulebak 说。“委员会正在以前所未有的速度努力处理我们所面对的最紧迫的食品安全挑战。”

粮农组织营养及消费者保护司司长Ezzeddine Boutrif 指出，法典委员会成员现代表世界人口的99%。“运用法典标准和准则是确保防止世界各地消费者食用不安全食品的一个重要部分，”他说。
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委员会还启动了新的工作项目，其中包括制定食品和饲料中三聚氰胺的最高限量。近几年，在食品和饲料产品中非法添加了高剂量三聚氰胺，从而引起疾病和死亡。由于三聚氰胺具有多种工业用途，因而会出现在环境当中，致使可能在食物链中发现微量的这种化学品。制定最高限量将帮助政府区分食品和饲料中的三聚氰胺含量哪些是不可避免的，哪些是蓄意掺假。

委员会通过的其它新工作提案包括：
#~+^B#]^1z}制定原则和准则协助政府建立和运转国家食品控制综合系统，保护消费者健康并确保食品贸易中的公平做法；
采取措施控制食品中的病毒，特别是新鲜产品、软体贝类和即食食品中的诺如病毒和甲型肝炎病毒；
防止巴西果仁中的黄曲霉毒素（由霉菌产生的有毒物质，已知可在动物中引起癌症）污染； sgE&l-qF;C,}a(z
限定玉米和玉米产品中伏马菌素（由真菌产生的有毒物质）的最高含量并制定抽样计划。
I0Ndm-sP*QU+qspace.foodmate.net“我们欢迎有更多发展中国家出席今年的会议，这体现了对食品安全问题以及法典信托基金影响的全球认识，”世卫组织食品安全司司长Jørgen Schlundt 博士说。A:K2ZA_%dl

大约500人，代表125个国家参加了委员会会议。美国的Karen Hulebak 再次当选主席；丹麦的Knud Østergaard 、印度的Sanjay Dave 和尼日利亚的Ben Manyindo 再度当选副主席。Y)jwiRj5r

nIL}7`Y食品法典委员会于1963年由联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）和世界卫生组织（世卫组织）共同成立，负责制定国际食品标准，保护消费者健康并确保食品贸易中的公平贸易做法。该委员会现有181个成员国和一个成员组织，即欧洲共同体。
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a如欲获得更多信息，请联系：
瑞士日内瓦
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媒体关系官员
Sari Setiogi
Z!?if#A9P食品伙伴个性空间电话：+41 22 791 3576
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手机：+41 79 701 9467
电子邮件：setiogis@who.int space.foodmate.net`R3_9U$e
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媒体关系官员
Steven Cohenspace.foodmate.netN7SZrQ
电话：+39 06 570 55283}Nac&S2v&sm
手机：+39 339 627 7627
$i6D8\\v]C电子邮件：steven.cohen@fao.org

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